Establishment and biomass production of gamba and palisade grasses associated with pearl millet

André Ricardo Gomes Bezerra; Danilo Gusmão de Quadros; Alexandro Pereira Andrade

André Ricardo Gomes Bezerra Pesquisador Fitotecnia/Soja – Fundação MS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0029-4179
Danilo Gusmão de Quadros Universidade do Estado da Bahia – Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Produção Animal, BR – 242, km 4, s/n, 47800-000, Barreiras, BH, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9061-9071
Alexandro Pereira Andrade Universidade do Estado da Bahia – Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Produção Animal, BR – 242, km 4, s/n, 47800-000, Barreiras, BH, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2813-4882

Keywords: Andropogon gayanus, Intercropping, Pennisetum glaucum, Urochloa brizantha

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) seeding rates (0, 5, 10, and 15 kg ha−1) in association with palisade (Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R.D. Webster cv. Marandu) and gamba (Andropogon gayanus Kunthvar. Bisquamulatus (Hochst.) Hack. cv. Planaltina) grasses on establishment parameters and forage biomass (FB) yield under low-input systems in Brazilian Cerrados. The experiment was conducted from December 2009 to April 2010, in Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil, using plots of 20m2 (5 × 4m) under a randomized complete block design with four replications. The number of perennial grasses (NG) and millet (NM) seedlings were counted at 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day after sowing (DAS). The heights of perennial grasses (HG) and millet (HM) were measured at 48th, 73rd, 98th, and 125th DAS. On these dates, DM yield was quantified by harvesting the whole forage above 30cm. The increase in pearl millet seeding rate reduced NG and HG, while NM and HM increased. Association of pearl millet with grasses increased DM yield quadratically, with maximum point at the seeding rate of 6.5 kg.ha−1. The presence of pearl millet affects the establishment and DM yield of palisade and gamba grasses, being recommended henceforth for reducing the first grazing event.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

André Ricardo Gomes Bezerra, Pesquisador Fitotecnia/Soja – Fundação MS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil

Pesquisador Fitotecnia/Soja

References

ANDREWS, D. J.; KUMAR, K. A. Pearl millet for food, feed, and forage. Advances in Agronomy, Amsterdam, v. 48, p. 89-139, 1992.

ANDREWS, D. J.; RAJEWSKI, J. F.; KUMAR, K. A. Pearl millet: a new feed grain crop. In: JANICK, J.; SIMON, J. (Ed.). New Crops. Hoboken: Wiley, 1993. p. 198-208.

BROOKER, R. W.; BENNETT, A. E.; CONG, W.; DANIELL, T. J.; GEORGE, T. S.; HALLETT, P. D.; HAWES, C.; IANNETTA, P. P. M.; JONES, H. G.; KARLEY, A. J.; LI, L.; MCKENZIE, B. M.; PAKEMAN, R. J.; PATERSON, E.; SCHOB, C.; SHEN, J.; SQUIRE, G.; WATSON, C. A.; ZHANG, C.; ZHANG, F.; ZHANG, J.; WHITE, P. J. Improving intercropping: a synthesis of research in agronomy, plant physiology and ecology. New Phytologist, Hoboken, v. 206, n. 1, p. 107-117, 2015.

CASTAGNARA, D. D.; ZOZ, T.; BERTÉ, L. N.; MEINERZ, C. C.; STEINER, F.; OLIVEIRA, P. S. R. Taxa de semeadura de Brachiaria brizantha consorciada com milho na incidência de plantas daninhas. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrarias, Recife, v. 6, n. 3, p. 440-446, 2011.

CRUSCIOL, C. A. C.; NASCENTE, A. S.; MATEUS, G. P.; BORGHI, E.; LELES, E. P.; SANTOS, N. C. B. Effect of intercropping on yields of corn with different relative maturities and palisadegrass. Agronomy Journal, Madison, v. 105, n. 103, p. 599-606, 2013.

CRUZ, S. C. S.; PEREIRA, F. R. S.; BICUDO, S. J. B.; ALBUQUERQUE, A. W.; SANTOS, J. R.; MACHADO, C. G. Nutrition of maize and Brachiaria decumbens cultivated in consortium in different soil tillage. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy, Maringá, v. 30, n. 5, p. 733-739, 2008.

FRANCO, J. G.; KING, S. R.; MASABNI, J. G.; VOLDER, A. Plant functional diversity improves short-term yields in a low-input intercropping system. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, Amsterdam, v. 203, p. 1-10, 2015.

GRIFFITH, V.; GILLILAND T. J.; MCEVOY, M.; O’DONOVAN, M. Competitive dynamics in mixtures of perennial ryegrass cultivars during two growing seasons under two cutting managements. Crop and pasture science, Melbourne, v. 67, n. 2, p. 225-235, 2016.

HILL, G. M.; HANNA, W. W.; GATES, R. N. Pearl millet cultivar and seeding method effects on forage quality and performance of grazing beef heifers. Journal of Production Agriculture, Madison, v. 12, n. 4, p. 578-580, 1999.

HUANG, C.; LIU, Q.; HEERINCK, N.; STOMPH, T.; LI, B.; LIU, R.; ZHANG, H.; WANG, C.; LI, X.; ZHANG, C.; WERF, W.; ZHANG, F. Economic performance and sustainability of a novel intercropping system on the North China Plain. PLoS One, San Francisco, v. 10, n. 8, p. 1-16, 2015.

KATO-NOGUCHI, H.; KOBAYASHI, A.; OHNO, O.; KIMURA, F.; FUJII, Y.; SUENAGA, K. Phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity may be central to the strong invasive potential of Brachiaria brizantha. Journal of Plant Physiology, Amsterdam, v. 171, n. 7, p. 525-530, 2014.

LARA-CABEZAS, W. A. R. Manejo de gramíneas cultivadas em forma exclusiva e consorciada com Brachiaria ruziziensis e eficiência do nitrogênio aplicado em cobertura. Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, v. 10, n. 2, p. 130-145, 2011.

LI, L. Intercropping enhances agroecosystem services and functioning: current knowledge and perspectives. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, [S. l.], v. 24, n. 4, p. 403-415, 2016.

MAIA, M. C.; PINTO, J. C.; ANDRADE, I. F. Estabelecimento de pastagem de capim-tanzânia usando milheto como cultura acompanhante. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Piracicaba, v. 29, n. 5, p. 1312-1319, 2000.

MARIANI, R.; FONTANELI, R. S.; VARGAS, L.; SANTOS, H. P; FONTANELI, R. S. Estabelecimento de gramíneas forrageiras tropicais perenes simultaneamente com as culturas de milho e soja no norte do RS. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 42, n. 8, p. 1471-1476, 2012.

MOBASSER, R. H.; VAZIRIMEHR, H. R.; RIGI, K. Effect of intercropping on resources use, weed management and forage quality. International Journal of Plant, Animal, and Environmental Sciences, Houston, v. 4, n. 2, p. 706-713, 2014.

PEARSON, C. J.; ISON, R. L. Agronomy of grassland systems. 2. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

PEYRAUD, J. L.; TABOADA, M.; DELABY, L. Integrated crop and livestock systems in Western Europe and South America: a review. European Journal of Agronomy, Amsterdam, v. 57, p. 31-42, 2014.

PITOL, C.; BORGES, E. P.; BROCH, D. L.; SIEDE, P. K.; ERBES, E. J.; CHIRATA, I. N. O milheto na integração agricultura-pecuária. Informações Agronômicas, Georgia, n. 76, p. 8-9, 1996.

SPEHAR, C. R.; TRECENTI, R. Desempenho agronômico de espécies tradicionais e inovadoras da agricultura em semeadura de sucessão e entressafra no cerrado do planalto central brasileiro. Bioscience Journal, Uberlândia, v. 27, n. 1, p. 102-111, 2011.

TURCOTTE, M. M.; LEVINE, J. M. Phenotypic plasticity and species coexistence. Trends in ecology and evolution, Cambridge, v. 31, n. 10, p. 803-813, 2016.

UPPAL, R. K.; WANI, S. P.; GARG, K. K.; ALAGARSWAMY, G. Balanced nutrition increases yield of pearl millet under drought. Field Crops Research, Amsterdam, v. 177, p. 86-97, 2015.

VERAS, V. S.; OLIVEIRA, M. E.; LACERDA, M. S. B.; CARVALHO, T. B.; ALVES, A. A. Produção de biomassa e estrutura do pasto de capim-andropogon em sistema silvipastoril e monocultura. Arquivos Brasileiros de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, v. 62, n. 1, p. 200-207, 2010.

ZIMMER, A. H.; PIMENTEL, D. M.; VALLE, C. B.; SEIFFERT, N. F. Aspectos práticos ligados à formação de pastagens. Campo Grande: Embrapa, 1986. (Circular técnica, 12)