Rooting solutions IBA, 2,4-D and NAA on guarana cuttings from 16 genotypes

Abstract

This work aimed to evaluate the rooting of guarana genotypes immersed in IBA, 2,4-D and NAA rooting solutions. The experiment was carried out in Experimental Farm of  Embrapa Western Amazon, in a randomized block design, with a factorial arrangement of 16 genotypes x three growth regulators  + 01 additional controls, with 2 replicates and 10 plants per plot. Percentage of rooted cuttings, cuttings with callus and dead cuttings, the number of roots, length of the longest root (cm), root volume (mL), fresh weight of roots (g) and root dry mass (g) were assessed after 90 days. IBA and NAA treatment improved the quality of the root system of cuttings from all guarana genotypes. The highest mortality was observed in the treatment with 2,4-D. All other characteristics were influenced by the different rooting solutions, except the percentage of cuttings with callus. The genotypes showed great variability regarding rooting, especially the CMU 1004, CMU 1005, CMU 1006 and CMU 1014 with the highest percentages of rooted cuttings, while CMU 1016 and CMU 1022 showed the lowest rooting rates. There was a significant interaction between genotypes x rooting solutions for volume, fresh weight and dry weight of roots. However, the factorial versus control contrast was not significant; thus, the use of rooting solutions does not influence the rooting of guarana cuttings.